Comparative Predation Efficiency of Betta Fish (Betta splendens) and Golden Cichlid (Melanochromis auratus) Against Aedes aegypti Larvae

Nova Dwi Prasetiyanti, Prehatin Trirahayu Ningrum, Rahayu Sri Pujiati

Abstract


Introduction: Vector-borne diseases such as dengue, malaria, chikungunya, and filariasis remain major public health problems. In Indonesia, the Larva Free Index (LFI) in 2019 was 79.2%, below the national target (>95%), with 138,127 dengue cases reported. Biological control using natural predators is a potential strategy to reduce mosquito larvae populations. This study aimed to compare the predation ability of betta fish (Betta splendens) and golden cichlid (Melanochromis auratus) against Aedes aegypti larvae. Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a completely randomized design (CRD). Observations were conducted with 18 replications. Data were analyzed using an Independent t-test with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). Result: Betta fish consumed an average of 20 larvae per hour, with a total predation rate of 96.4%. Golden cichlid consumed an average of 18 larvae per hour, with a total predation rate of 80.6%. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05), indicating higher predation efficiency in Betta fish. Conclusion: Betta fish demonstrated significantly greater effectiveness as a biological control agent against Aedes aegypti larvae compared to golden cichlid. This species has strong potential for application in community-based mosquito control programs.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Kurniawati RD, Sutriyawan A, Rahmawati SR. Analisis Pengetahuan dan Motivasi Pemakaian Ovitrap Sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Jentik Nyamuk Aedes Aegepty. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2020;9(04):248–253. https://doi.org/10.33221/jikm.v9i04.813

Hadidsyah S, Sudaryanto S, Muryoto M. Perbedaan Kemampuan Predasi Ikan Cupang Hias (Betta splendens crown tail) dan Ikan Kepala TIMAH (Panchax panchax) Terhadap Kematian Jentik Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan. 2014;5(4):185–190. https://doi.org/10.29238/sanitasi.v5i4.704

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2019. Jakarta: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia; 2020.

Kinansi RR, Pujiyanti A. Pengaruh Karakteristik Tempat Penampungan Air Terhadap Densitas Larva Aedes dan Risiko Penyebaran Demam Berdarah Dengue di Daerah Endemis di Indonesia. BALABA: Jurnal Litbang Pengendalian Penyakit Bersumber Binatang Banjarnegara. 2020;16(1):1–20. https://doi.org/10.22435/blb.v16i1.1924

Ichsan M, Ishak H, Ibrahim E, Amqam H, Wahid I, Syahribulan S, Sudirman R, Mallongi A. Habitat Characteristics of Aedes Sp Larval Containers and Density of Container Index (CI) In the Area Endemic and Non-Endemic to DHF In Makassar City. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2023;15(3):290–295. https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2023.15.77

Wathon S, Maziun A, Oktarianti R, Senjarini K. Profil Bionomik Vektor Potensial Dengue di Kecamatan Sumbersari, Kabupaten Jember [Bionomics Profile of Potential Dengue Vectors in Sumbersari, Jember District]. Berita Biologi. 2025;24(3):669–686. https://doi.org/10.55981/berita_biologi.2025.9215

Prasetyowati, Hendri, Wahono. Status Resistensi Aedes aegypti terhadap Organofosfat di Tiga Kotamadya DKI Jakarta. BALABA. 2016;12(1):23–30.

Harsono, Nisaa. Metode Biokontrol Ikan Cupang (Betta splendens) Sebagai Pengendali Vektor Penyakit DBD di Kartasura Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Jurnal Manajemen Informasi dan Administrasi Kesehatan. 2019;02(02):38–43.

Sucipto. Vektor dan Penyakit Tropis Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta: Gosyen Publishing; 2011.

Khofiyya NA, Zubaidah T, Khair A. Exploring Fish Predators to Combat Dengue Vector Proliferation. Global Health & Environmental Perspectives. 2024;1(1):12–17. https://doi.org/10.61848/ghep.v1i1.35

Sari, Novela. Pengendalian Biologi Dengan Daya Predasi Berbagai Jenis Ikan Terhadap Larva Aedes Aegypty di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tigo Baleh. Jurnal Sehat Mandiri. 2020;15(1):79–85. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33761/jsm.v15i1.145

Septiani D, Purbomartono C, Mulia DS, Suwarsito S. Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Alami yang Berbeda terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Cupang (Ctenops vittatus). Sainteks. 2025;22(2):181–192. https://doi.org/10.30595/sainteks.v22i2.28563

Salam NI, Chadijah A, Rahmi R, Wahyu F. Masculinization of betta fish Betta sp) using cow testic flour through Artemia Immersion. Akuatikisle: Jurnal Akuakultur, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil. 2021;5(2):45–48. https://doi.org/10.29239/j.akuatikisle.5.2.45-48

Nugroho AA, Latifa UN, Rahayu NY, Setyawan AFS. Interaksi Tingkah Laku Ikan Cupang Jantan dan Betina (Betta splendes) Pada Masa Kawin. Science Education and Application Journal. 2020;2(1):27-34. https://doi.org/10.30736/seaj.v2i1.186

Susantie, Manurung, Kase. Tingkah Laku Ikan Cupang (Betta splendes) Terhadap Pakan yang Berbeda. Jurnal Ilmiah Tindalung. 2018;2(4):83–88.

Nur FM, Batubara AS, Fadli N, Rizal S, Siti-Azizah MN, Muchlisin ZA. Diversity, distribution, and conservation status of Betta fish (Teleostei: Osphronemidae) in Aceh waters, Indonesia. The European Zoological Journal. 2022;89(1):142–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750263.2022.2029587

Rahmi R, Rahmi Amir, Usman. Biokontrol Ikan Pemangsa Jentik dalam Pemberantasan Vektor Nyamuk Penyebab Demam Berdarah Dangue (DBD) di Kota Parepare. Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia Dan Kesehatan. 2018;1(3):265–271. https://doi.org/10.31850/makes.v1i3.112

Afrianti N, Rahmiati C. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan masyarakat terhadap protokol kesehatan covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah Permas: Jurnal Ilmiah STIKES Kendal V. 2021;11(1):113–124.

Bandjolu KP, Madiyono E, Herjayanto M, Gani A, Nur M, Laheng S, Gundo MT. Checklist of endemic (Adrianichthyidae, Gobiidae, Zenarchopteridae) and introduced fish in Lake Poso, Sulawesi, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021;869(1):012060. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/869/1/012060

Kratochwil CF, Urban S, Meyer A. Genome of the Malawi golden cichlid fish ( Melanochromis auratus ) reveals exon loss of oca2 in an amelanistic morph. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research. 2019;32(5):719–723. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcmr.12799

Karadal O, Guroy D, Turkmen G. Effects of Feed Type and Feeding Frequency on Growth Performance, Reproductive Efficiency and Skin Coloration of Auratus Cichlids (Melanochromis auratus). Aquaculture Studies. 2018;18(2):135-144. https://doi.org/10.4194/2618-6381-v18_2_07

Andriani NDA, Adrianto H, Darmanto AG. Daya Predasi Ikan Lemon (Labidochromis caeruleus) dan Ikan Kapiat (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti. ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies. 2021;13(1):37–46. https://doi.org/10.22435/asp.v13i1.3854

Lichak MR, Barber JR, Kwon YM, Francis KX, Bendesky A. Care and Use of Siamese Fighting Fish ( Betta Splendens ) for Research. Comp Med. 2022;72(3):169–180. https://doi.org/10.30802/AALAS-CM-22-000051

Santos ME, Lopes JF, Kratochwil CF. East African cichlid fishes. EvoDevo. 2023;14(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-022-00205-5

Priyadi A, Permana A, Nur B, Cindelaras S, Murniasih S, Ginanjar R, Rohmy S, Lukman, Said DS, Yamin M, Sholichah L, Hayuningtyas EP, Murdinah, Fopp-Bayat DK, Suciyono, Budi DS. Adaptation and domestication of endangered wild betta fish (Betta channoides) originating from East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Aquaculture. 2026;610:742900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742900

Kratochwil, Meyer. Genome of the Malawi golden cichlid fish (Melanochromis auratus) reveals exon loss of oca2 in an amelanistic morph. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research. 2019;5(23):719–723. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcmr.12799

Yulfiperius Y, Zulkhasyni Z, Martudi S, Pardiansyah D, Firman F, Ahmad N, et al. Masculinization Of Betta Fish (Betta splendens ) Using Sialang Honey Liquid with the Immersion Method. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2026;1581(1):012007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1581/1/012007




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33846/hd30205

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Health Dynamics || Open Access Journal || Online version only || Publisher: Knowledge Dynamics || ISSN: 3006-5518 (online) || Contact: healthdynamics.journal@gmail.com; +8801814901991; +6282136364408